Evaluación de la respuesta inflamatoria e inmunológica en pacientes oncológicos bajo anestesia libre de opioides
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.53673/th.v2i3.116Resumen
El cáncer está reconocido como un importante problema de salud pública debido a la alta frecuencia de casos y a su impacto económico, siendo una de las principales causas de morbilidad y mortalidad en el mundo, y la incidencia aumenta de forma exponencial con la edad gracias a la elevación de la expectativa de vida. (1) Por definición el paciente con cáncer es un paciente inmunodeprimido, donde el 90% de las muertes son debido a la progresión de la enfermedad, a las metástasis y no al tumor primario, gracias a la evolución natural de la enfermedad, que se puede ver acelerada por la inmunosupresión e inflamación sobreañadida tras procederes invasivos como cualquier acto quirúrgico gracias a que los mediadores propios de la inflamación tienen acciones angiogénicas, y con ello pueden crear el medio propicio para la recidiva tumoral. Por lo que el período perioperatorio es crítico en los desenlaces desde corto a largo plazo y en lo que respecta al acto anestésico, la naturaleza de la respuesta inflamatoria e inmune se produce por el daño tisular directo de la cirugía. (2) Sin embargo, la importancia para nosotros, los anestesiólogos, es que la anestesia puede modificarla. (3)
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