Zygomatic implants, indications, techniques and results: Literature Review
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.53673/th.v3i3.239Abstract
Restoration of the atrophic edentulous maxilla presents a major dilemma for surgeons. Patients with moderate or severe atrophy challenge the clinician to use alternatives such as bone grafts or biomaterials. Some of these treatments include multiple surgeries and restricting the use of dentures for long periods.
The zygomatic implant may be indicated for severely resorbed jaws, maxillary defects caused by trauma or tumors and previous failures of grafting procedures. Compared to other surgical procedures to increase the alveolar ridge, the zygomatic implant presents a less traumatic rehabilitation and a shorter treatment time.
Regarding the survival rate of zygomatic implants, several authors have calculated a cumulative survival rate (CST) above 97%. Long-term success, however, is primarily related to healthy peri- implant tissue and the absence of sinus pathology.
The aim of this paper is to review the developments that have occurred in treatment with zygomatic implants over the years, including anatomical information for the installation of zygomatic implants, surgical techniques, complications and success rates. Concluding that the zygomatic implant represents an alternative therapy for the treatment of atrophic maxilla, and can be predictable when well indicated and executed.
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